Iraq

Duhok

Marino Abdulkhaliq

Data analysis

Organizational skills

Problem solving

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Research

Psychologist

Psychotherapist

The outbreak of COVID-19 and the resulting lockdown had a great psychological impact on the lives of people in general and on the lives of students in particular. The current study aims to find the level of anxiety and the types of coping mechanisms utilized by university students during the lockdown period. Furthermore, the relationship between these two variables is also addressed. The participants of this study consist of 260 university students. Hopkins Symptoms Checklist and the Coping Strategies Inventory are the instruments that were used as measurement tools. The results showed that university students have probable anxiety, and their most commonly used coping mechanism is social withdrawal. The study also found a statistically significant correlation between social withdrawal, problem avoidance, and expression of emotion with anxiety. According to the findings, there exists a significant difference in anxiety between male and female students. In addition, a significant difference in the use of coping mechanisms among female and male students existed in the use of social withdrawal and expression emotion coping mechanisms, which were both used more by female students. The findings of this study highlight the need for psychological services to be available in the universities of the region.

Anxiety and coping mechanisms among university students during the COVID-19 lockdown

Divorced women, due to the heaviness of the situation they are facing, are prone to having depression. This is particularly true in Middle Eastern cultures since, to the day, a significant number of women lack financial freedom, and divorce is associated with social stigma and familial blame. The current study aims to find the relationship between depression and attachment style among divorced women and to find the most commonly used attachment style among divorced women as well as their level of depression. The difference in depression between the divorced women who re-married and those who did not re-marry is also addressed. The participants of this study consist of 65 divorced women. Beck’s Depression Inventory and the Adult Attachment Scale were administered as measurement tools. The results showed that divorced women show a moderate level of depression, and close attachment style had the highest mean score. The study also found a statistically significant relationship between close and depend types of attachment with depression, but a significant correlation between anxiety type and depression was not found. According to the findings, there exists no statistically significant difference in depression between those divorced women who re-married and those who did not. The findings of this study provide important psychological implications for providing adequate mental health services and psychosocial support to women who are divorced in the Kurdistan region of Iraq.

The Relationship between Symptoms of Depression and Attachment Styles among Divorced Women In the Kurdistan Region of Iraq

Women and girls in Iraq face many issues, especially in terms of gender equality. There have been attempts by human rights non-governmental organizations (i.e., Local and International) to work on these ongoing issues, one of which is through the United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325 of October 2000. The current study aims to find the status of the 1325 resolution community individuals, non-governmental organizations personnel, and government employees. This study consists of 375 participants, including people from the community and staff of non-governmental organizations and governmental institutions. A self-design questionnaire was used as a measurement tool, composed of 3 parts: the first was directed to the community, the second for non-governmental organization heads, and the third for heads of governmental entities. The results suggested a low level of awareness among the community, non-governmental organizations personnel, and government employees. In addition, none of the governmental institutions included in the study had information or knowledge about resolution 1325. Regarding people's attitudes toward the pillars of the resolution, the attitudes towards decision-making and problem-solving components were mostly positive, while attitudes toward the conflict-resolution were more negative. The results highlight the issue of policy implementations in the region.

The Status of Resolution 1325 (Women, Peace, Security) among the Community, Non- governmental Organizations, and Governmental Institutes of the Duhok Governorate: Current State of the Affairs

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Marino Abdulkhaliq

Researcher | Psychologist

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